Appeal by payer

Who denied you changes how you fight it.

The appeal path follows the plan type, but each insurer has its own quirks — the pharmacy benefit manager, the external-review venue, the Medicare Advantage track. Here's the process, the common denials, and an honest read on the odds, payer by payer.

The number that matters

In Medicare Advantage, KFF found just 11.5% of denied prior-authorization requests were appealed in 2024 — and 80.7% of those appeals were overturned. The denials worth fighting mostly go unfought.

Major US insurers

UnitedHealthcareOften worth appealing

The largest US insurer — heavy on prior authorization and pharmacy review.

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AnthemOften worth appealing

Elevance's Blue-branded plans — medical-necessity and prior-auth denials.

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AetnaOften worth appealing

CVS Health's insurer — and one of the highest MA overturn rates on record.

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CignaOften worth appealing

Medical-necessity and pharmacy (Express Scripts) denials.

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CenteneOften worth appealing

Medicaid, ACA (Ambetter) and Medicare (Wellcare) — top MA overturn rate.

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HumanaOften worth appealing

Medicare Advantage heavyweight — the MA appeal levels matter most here.

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KaiserSometimes worth appealing

Integrated plan-and-provider — appeals can run through a different venue.

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BCBSOften worth appealing

Dozens of independent local Blue plans — one federal appeal path, local medical policy.

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MolinaOften worth appealing

Medicaid-heavy plans — the appeal path depends on whether it’s Medicaid, Marketplace, or Medicare.

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OscarOften worth appealing

A Marketplace-focused insurer — denials follow the standard internal-then-external path.

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HighmarkOften worth appealing

A Blue licensee across PA, WV, DE, and parts of NY — the standard federal appeal path.

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Horizon BCBSOften worth appealing

New Jersey’s Blue plan — the federal appeal path plus NJ’s external-review program.

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CareFirstOften worth appealing

The Blue plan for Maryland, DC, and Northern Virginia — standard federal appeal path.

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Florida BlueOften worth appealing

Florida’s Blue plan — the standard federal path plus Florida’s external-review program.

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Government & federal programs

Know your payer? Build the appeal.

Upload the denial and Merits returns a cited appeal built for that payer's process — the criteria, the deadline, and the right venue — in about a minute.